Tax Professional usually responds in minutes

Our tax advisers are all verified

Unlimited follow-up questions

  • Sign in
  • NORMAL ARCHIVE

    Global Tax Reform and Ireland

    Global Tax Reform and Ireland – Introduction

    Ireland has long been a magnet for multinational companies.

    With its 12.5% corporate tax rate, English-speaking workforce, and EU membership, it became home to the European headquarters of major tech giants like Apple, Google, and Meta.

    But global tax reform – particularly the OECD’s minimum tax initiative – is changing the rules of the game.

    What does this mean for Ireland’s economy and its future as a hub for international business?

    Ireland and the 12.5% Rate

    For over two decades, Ireland’s 12.5% corporation tax rate has been a key pillar of its economic policy.

    It attracted foreign direct investment (FDI), created tens of thousands of jobs, and turned Dublin into a global business centre.

    But critics argued that it also allowed companies to shift profits into Ireland, reducing their global tax bills and depriving other countries of revenue.

    The OECD Global Minimum Tax

    In 2021, over 130 countries – including Ireland – agreed to implement a global minimum corporate tax rate of 15% on large multinational companies (those with global revenues over €750 million).

    This is known as Pillar Two of the OECD’s global tax agreement.

    Ireland initially resisted the change, concerned it would reduce its competitive edge. But after securing a carve-out that allows the rate to remain at 12.5% for smaller companies, Ireland signed up.

    What’s Changing in Ireland?

    From 2024, Ireland will apply the 15% minimum tax to large multinationals operating there.

    This means that even if a company benefits from local incentives or deductions that lower its effective tax rate, a “top-up” tax will apply if the global rate falls below 15%.

    This change is highly significant for Ireland. While the government expects the country to remain attractive – due to its talent, EU access, and stable legal system – some economists warn that the golden era of FDI-driven growth may cool slightly.

    In response, the Irish government is focusing more on long-term, sustainable growth through infrastructure, education, and innovation, rather than relying purely on tax competitiveness.

    What Does This Mean for Businesses?

    For large companies already in Ireland, the tax bill is likely to rise slightly, especially if they were benefiting from preferential structures.

    But for small and medium-sized businesses — including many Irish companies — the 12.5% rate continues to apply.

    That means Ireland still offers one of the most attractive environments for smaller international businesses looking for an EU base.

    Global Tax Reform and Ireland – Conclusion

    Ireland’s place in the global tax landscape is evolving. It remains a strong destination for business, but the days of ultra-low tax planning through Ireland are being replaced by a more level playing field. As the OECD’s global tax framework beds in, Ireland’s future success will depend on more than just its tax rate — and that’s not necessarily a bad thing.

    Final thoughts

    If you have any queries about this article on corporate tax reform, or tax matters in Ireland then please get in touch.


    Alternatively, if you are a tax adviser in Ireland and would be interested in sharing your knowledge and becoming a tax native, then there is more information on membership here.

    The Global Minimum Tax Deal Under Pressure – Is the US Holding It Back?

    Global Minimum Tax Deal Under Pressure – Introduction

    Just when the world thought it was on the cusp of a global tax breakthrough, cracks are beginning to show.

    The landmark OECD agreement aimed at overhauling how multinational companies are taxed is facing renewed opposition – and much of the resistance is coming from the United States.

    This could have major implications for how, when, and even if the deal is implemented.

    What Is the Global Tax Deal?

    The OECD’s two-pillar framework was designed to tackle tax avoidance and ensure large multinationals pay a fairer share of tax, wherever they operate.

    Pillar One reallocates taxing rights so market countries can tax a portion of profits.

    Pillar Two introduces a global minimum corporate tax rate of 15% for companies with annual revenues above €750 million.

    Over 135 countries, including the US, have committed in principle. But turning that agreement into domestic law is proving to be the real challenge.

    Why Is the US Wavering?

    Although the Biden administration supported the OECD framework, political realities have changed.

    With a divided Congress and strong Republican opposition, passing necessary legislation has become difficult.

    Critics in the US argue that the global minimum tax could hurt American competitiveness by effectively outsourcing tax sovereignty.

    There’s also concern that other countries are implementing Pillar Two but dragging their feet on Pillar One – potentially putting US firms at a disadvantage.

    Impact on Global Progress

    US hesitancy could derail the entire project.

    Other countries, particularly in the EU and Asia, are moving forward with minimum tax rules.

    If the US doesn’t follow suit, it undermines the whole concept of a level playing field.

    There’s also a risk that disputes over digital taxes, which Pillar One was supposed to resolve, could flare up again if countries lose patience with the OECD timetable.

    What Happens Next?

    All eyes are now on the US Congress and upcoming elections.

    Without US implementation, the deal lacks weight — and countries may return to unilateral measures like digital services taxes.

    This would be a setback for international cooperation and tax certainty.

    Global Minimum Tax Deal – Conclusion

    The global tax deal was a diplomatic achievement, but its future is far from guaranteed.

    If the US backs away or delays indefinitely, other countries may rethink their own commitments — and the dream of a fairer global tax system could stall once more.

    Final thoughts

    If you have any queries about this article on the global minimum tax, or tax matters in the United States then please get in touch.

    Alternatively, if you are a tax adviser in the United States and would be interested in sharing your knowledge and becoming a tax native, then there is more information on membership here.

    Digital Services Tax – UK May Ease Pressure on US Tech Firms

    Digital Services Tax – Introduction

    The UK government is exploring ways to reduce the burden of its digital services tax (DST) on American tech giants as part of broader trade discussions with the United States.

    The move comes amid rising international pressure and a growing consensus that digital taxation should be handled multilaterally through the OECD framework.

    What Is the Digital Services Tax?

    The UK’s DST, introduced in 2020, imposes a 2% levy on the revenues of large digital businesses that earn money from UK users.

    This includes revenues from search engines, social media platforms, and online marketplaces.

    The tax applies to companies with global revenues over £500 million and at least £25 million of UK-derived revenue.

    Why the Shift in Tone?

    Recent reports suggest the UK is considering adjustments or possible early withdrawal of the DST to avoid escalating tensions with the US, which has long criticised the tax as unfairly targeting American firms.

    The US has threatened retaliatory tariffs against UK exports if the DST remains in place beyond the implementation of the OECD’s global tax framework.

    As trade talks progress, the UK may offer concessions to secure a broader deal.

    The OECD Agreement

    Under the OECD’s two-pillar agreement, countries that have introduced unilateral digital taxes are expected to remove them once Pillar One (which reallocates taxing rights over digital profits) is implemented.

    The UK has committed to this, but with the global deal’s timeline uncertain, there’s growing pressure to act sooner.

    Domestic Reactions

    Domestically, opinions are split.

    Some MPs and economists argue that the DST is necessary to ensure tech giants pay their ‘fair share’, especially during times of economic strain.

    Others argue that it’s a temporary fix and should be removed in favour of multilateral rules that apply consistently across jurisdictions.

    What’s Next?

    Any softening of the DST is likely to be politically controversial.

    However, it may help the UK achieve its long-term goal of securing a comprehensive trade agreement with the US – and could also pre-empt future disputes if Pillar One implementation drags.

    Digital Services Tax – Conclusion

    The UK’s digital services tax has always been a stopgap measure.

    With global reforms on the horizon and trade talks with the US intensifying, its days may be numbered – either replaced by multilateral rules or scrapped to preserve trade harmony.

    Final thoughts

    If you have any queries about this article on digital tax, or tax matters in the United Kingdom then please get in touch.

    Alternatively, if you are a tax adviser in the United Kingdom and would be interested in sharing your knowledge and becoming a tax native, then there is more information on membership here.

    Australia’s New Tax Disclosure Laws – a Global Benchmark for Transparency?

    Australia’s New Tax Disclosure Laws – Introduction

    Australia has implemented one of the world’s most stringent tax disclosure laws, seemingly raising the bar for corporate transparency.

    From January 2025, multinational corporations (MNCs) operating in Australia are required to disclose detailed financial information, including revenues, profits, and taxes paid across 41 jurisdictions, many of which are recognized as low-tax or tax-advantageous regions.

    This bold move is part of Australia’s broader effort to tackle tax avoidance and ensure corporations contribute their fair share.

    The New Requirements

    Under the updated laws, MNCs must provide granular details of their global operations, including:

    1. Jurisdictional Reporting: Revenues, profits, and taxes paid in each of the 41 identified jurisdictions, targeting regions often associated with tax avoidance.
    2. Entity-Level Disclosures: Information about the structure and activities of entities within multinational groups, ensuring transparency about where and how profits are generated.
    3. Penalties for Non-Compliance: The law introduces significant penalties for companies failing to comply, underscoring the government’s seriousness about enforcing transparency.

    The reforms align with global initiatives such as the OECD’s Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) framework but go further by requiring enhanced reporting in jurisdictions flagged as high risk.

    Implications for Multinational Corporations

    1. Increased Compliance Costs
      MNCs will need to invest in robust reporting systems to meet these stringent requirements. This could be particularly challenging for companies with complex global structures.
    2. Reputational Risk
      Public access to detailed tax information may expose companies to criticism if perceived as paying insufficient taxes in high-tax jurisdictions. Businesses will need to manage their public image carefully in light of these disclosures.
    3. Potential Shift in Tax Planning
      The increased scrutiny could deter aggressive tax planning strategies, encouraging MNCs to adopt simpler and more transparent tax structures.

    Broader Implications for Australia

    The reforms are expected to enhance public trust in the tax system and demonstrate Australia’s leadership in promoting global tax transparency.

    However, critics argue that the new requirements may deter investment, particularly from MNCs concerned about the administrative burden and public exposure of their financial data.

    Australia’s New Tax Disclosure Laws – Conclusion

    Australia’s tax disclosure reforms represent a significant step forward in the global fight against tax avoidance.

    By requiring detailed reporting from MNCs, the country is setting a new standard for corporate transparency.

    However, businesses operating in Australia must prepare for increased compliance demands and potential reputational risks.

    For companies operating in or expanding into Australia, understanding and adapting to these new requirements is critical to maintaining compliance and minimizing risks.

    Final Thoughts

    If you have questions about Australia’s tax disclosure laws or need assistance with compliance strategies, get in touch.

    Alternatively, tax professionals who want to find out more about joining our network can find out more here.

    OECD Releases Pricing Automation Tool for Amount B

    OECD Releases Pricing Automation Tool for Amount B – Introduction

    The OECD has unveiled a new tool to simplify transfer pricing calculations under the “Amount B” framework.

    This development aims to reduce administrative burdens and improve compliance for businesses engaged in cross-border transactions.

    Overview

    The Amount B framework, part of the OECD’s broader initiatives on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS), standardises the remuneration for baseline marketing and distribution activities.

    The newly released tool automates the calculation of these returns, requiring minimal data inputs from businesses.

    For multinational corporations, the tool offers significant advantages. It reduces the time and resources needed for compliance, ensures consistent application of transfer pricing rules, and minimizes the risk of disputes with tax authorities.

    Tax professionals have welcomed the tool as a step toward greater simplicity and transparency in transfer pricing.

    However, they caution that the tool’s effectiveness depends on its adoption by tax authorities worldwide.

    Consistent application across jurisdictions will be essential to avoid double taxation and unnecessary compliance burdens.

    This tool is particularly relevant for companies with extensive global operations, as it addresses common pain points in transfer pricing compliance.

    It reflects the OECD’s commitment to creating practical solutions that align with international tax standards.

    OECD Automation Tool Amount B – Conclusion

    The OECD’s pricing automation tool for Amount B represents a significant advancement in simplifying transfer pricing compliance.

    By reducing complexity and enhancing transparency, it should foster greater trust between businesses and tax authorities.

    Final Thoughts

    If you need guidance on this article on the OECD Automation Tool Amount B, implementing the Amount B framework or using the OECD’s pricing tool, please get in touch.

    Alternatively, if you’re a tax adviser with expertise in transfer pricing, explore our membership opportunities.

    Trump’s Global Tax War

    Trump’s Global Tax War – Introduction

    With Donald Trump eyeing another term as U.S. president, the international tax landscape could face significant turbulence.

    Trump’s administration has hinted at targeting countries that impose additional taxes on U.S. multinationals.

    This raises concerns about retaliatory tariffs and potential conflicts over the OECD’s global minimum tax pact, which aims to ensure large companies pay at least 15% tax wherever they operate.

    What’s the Issue?

    The OECD’s two-pillar tax reform seeks to address long-standing challenges in taxing multinational corporations.

    1. Pillar One reallocates taxing rights, giving more power to countries where consumers are based.
    2. Pillar Two establishes a global minimum tax of 15%, reducing the incentive for profit shifting to low-tax jurisdictions.

    While many countries, especially in the EU, are implementing these reforms, U.S. Republicans claim the measures unfairly target American companies.

    Trump’s administration could respond with punitive tariffs, potentially triggering global economic disputes.

    Implications for Businesses and Trade

    1. Increased Tariffs: Countries adopting OECD rules could face higher U.S. tariffs, creating challenges for exporters.
    2. Conflict Zones: Disagreements may emerge between jurisdictions over how tax rights are allocated.
    3. Business Uncertainty: Companies operating internationally might face regulatory conflicts, increasing compliance burdens and costs.

    Why Does This Matter?

    The US plays a crucial role in global economic stability.

    A confrontational approach to international tax rules could fragment global cooperation and undermine the OECD’s efforts to harmonize tax systems.

    Businesses caught in the crossfire will need robust strategies to navigate these uncertainties.

    Trump’s Global Tax War – Conclusion

    Trump’s potential return to power adds a layer of unpredictability to the already complex global tax landscape.

    As the world adjusts to new tax norms, balancing domestic interests with international commitments will be key to maintaining stability.

    Final Thoughts

    If you have any queries about this article on Trump’s global tax war, or tax matters in the US, then please get in touch.

    Alternatively, if you are a tax adviser in the US and would be interested in sharing your knowledge and becoming a tax native, then there is more information on membership here.

    What is the OECD’s Pillar One?

    Pillar One – Introduction

    The way multinational corporations (MNCs) are taxed has long been a topic of debate.

    With the rise of the digital economy, traditional tax rules have struggled to keep pace, allowing some companies to minimize their tax liabilities by operating in low-tax jurisdictions while earning substantial revenues elsewhere.

    Enter the OECD’s Pillar One, a groundbreaking effort to ensure fairer taxation of MNCs by reallocating taxing rights to market jurisdictions.

    This article explains what Pillar One is, how it works, and what it means for businesses and governments worldwide.

    The Problem Pillar One Aims to Solve

    Traditionally, corporate taxes are paid where a company has a physical presence, such as an office or factory.

    However, in the digital era, companies can generate significant profits in countries without having a physical footprint, leaving those countries with little or no tax revenue.

    This issue is particularly evident with tech giants that provide digital services globally but pay minimal taxes in the markets they serve.

    The lack of a global framework to address this has led to unilateral measures like digital services taxes (DSTs), which complicate international trade and risk double taxation.

    Pillar One seeks to address these issues by establishing a standardized global approach.

    What is Pillar One?

    Pillar One is part of the OECD’s Two-Pillar Solution to address the tax challenges of the digital economy.

    It focuses on reallocating taxing rights so that countries where consumers or users are based can claim a share of the tax revenue from the profits generated there.

    How Does Pillar One Work?

    1. Scope:
      Pillar One applies to the world’s largest and most profitable MNCs. Companies with global revenues exceeding €20 billion and profitability above 10% fall within its scope. These thresholds aim to target highly profitable companies, such as digital platforms and consumer-facing businesses.
    2. Reallocation of Taxing Rights:
      Under Pillar One, a portion of an MNC’s profits—specifically those exceeding a 10% margin—is reallocated to market jurisdictions where the company has significant revenues. This means countries where consumers or users generate value will receive a fair share of taxes, regardless of whether the company has a physical presence there.
    3. Elimination of Digital Services Taxes:
      To simplify the tax landscape, countries implementing Pillar One are expected to withdraw unilateral measures like DSTs.

    Challenges to Implementation

    Despite its ambition, Pillar One faces several hurdles:

    1. Global Agreement: Securing consensus among over 140 jurisdictions involved in the OECD Inclusive Framework is complex.
    2. Implementation and Enforcement: Countries must align their domestic tax laws with the new rules, which requires political will and administrative capacity.
    3. Business Concerns: MNCs have raised concerns about increased compliance burdens and potential double taxation if rules are inconsistently applied.

    Why Does Pillar One Matter?

    Pillar One represents a seismic shift in global taxation.

    For governments, it promises fairer tax revenues from MNCs operating in their markets.

    For businesses, it provides a unified framework that reduces the risks of fragmented and overlapping tax regimes.

    While it may require significant adaptation, Pillar One seeks to create a more equitable and predictable global tax system.

    Pillar One – Conclusion

    Pillar One is a bold and necessary step toward addressing the challenges of taxing the digital economy.

    By reallocating taxing rights to market jurisdictions, it aims to ensure that profits are taxed where value is created.

    However, successful implementation will require unprecedented global cooperation and careful management of potential pitfalls.

    Final Thoughts

    If you have any queries about this article on Pillar One, or tax matters in international business, then please get in touch.

    Alternatively, if you are a tax adviser in international business and would be interested in sharing your knowledge and becoming a tax native, then there is more information on membership here.

    Netflix Uses the Netherlands for Tax Optimisation

    Netflix Tax Optimisation – Introduction

    Netflix, the streaming giant loved by millions worldwide, has faced scrutiny for its tax practices.

    A recent investigation has revealed how Netflix leverages the Netherlands’ favorable tax environment to optimize its tax liabilities across Europe.

    While entirely legal, these strategies have reignited debates about corporate tax ethics and their implications for public finances.

    Why the Netherlands?

    The Netherlands has long been a magnet for multinational corporations, thanks to its attractive tax treaties, efficient administration, and relatively low withholding tax rates.

    It is a hub for intellectual property (IP) management, where companies centralize and license their IP rights to subsidiaries.

    For Netflix, which relies heavily on content creation and licensing, this makes the Netherlands a strategic choice for tax planning.

    How Netflix’s Strategy Works

    Netflix routes a significant portion of its European revenue through Dutch entities. Here’s how it works:

    1. Centralised Revenue Collection: Netflix collects subscription fees in various European countries but channels them to its Dutch headquarters.
    2. Royalties and Licensing: The Dutch entity charges royalties or licensing fees to other Netflix subsidiaries for the use of its IP. These payments reduce taxable profits in high-tax countries like France or Germany.
    3. Tax Reduction: The Netherlands taxes these royalties at a lower rate, resulting in significant tax savings.

    Impact of the Strategy

    While Netflix’s approach is compliant with local and international tax laws, critics argue it results in lower tax contributions in countries where Netflix generates significant revenue.

    For example, if Netflix shifts profits from France to the Netherlands, the French government collects less corporate tax.

    The Bigger Picture

    Netflix is not alone in employing such strategies.

    Tech companies like Apple, Google, and Amazon have also used similar structures in various jurisdictions.

    These practices highlight gaps in the global tax system, where profit shifting is often permissible despite its societal impact.

    Reforms on the horizon?

    The OECD’s global minimum tax initiative seeks to address these gaps by ensuring companies pay at least 15% tax on their profits, regardless of where they are located.

    If and when this is implemented globally, this framework could make strategies like Netflix’s less advantageous.

    One recent question is whether the election of Donald Trump might make its implementation more difficult.

    Netflix Tax Optimisation – Conclusion

    Netflix’s tax practices in the Netherlands underline the complexities of modern corporate tax systems.

    While perfectly legal, they raise important questions about fairness and the responsibilities of multinational corporations in contributing to public coffers.

    Final Thoughts

    If you have any queries about this article on tax optimisation in the Netherlands, or tax matters in the Netherlands, then please get in touch.

    Alternatively, if you are a tax adviser in the Netherlands and would be interested in sharing your knowledge and becoming a tax native, then there is more information on membership here.

    Thailand Approves Global Minimum Corporate Tax

    Thailand Global Minimum Tax – Introduction

    Thailand has taken steps to align itself with global tax standards by approving a draft law to implement a 15% global minimum corporate tax.

    This measure targets multinational corporations with annual global revenues exceeding €750 million, aiming to ensure fairer taxation and reduce profit-shifting to low-tax jurisdictions.

    The Global Minimum Tax: What It Means

    The global minimum tax is part of a broader effort spearheaded by the OECD to address base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS).

    The aim is to ensure that large multinational enterprises (MNEs) pay a minimum level of tax regardless of where they operate. By implementing this measure, Thailand seeks to:

    Thailand’s Position in the Global Tax Reform

    Thailand’s adoption of the 15% minimum tax reflects its commitment to global economic cooperation.

    The reform aligns the country with over 140 jurisdictions that have pledged to implement the OECD’s tax framework.

    Potential Implications

    While the reform is seen as a progressive step, it raises questions about its impact on Thailand’s investment attractiveness. Key considerations include:

    Thailand Global Minimum Tax – Conclusion

    Thailand’s approval of the global minimum corporate tax signals its dedication to modernizing its tax system and fostering international cooperation.

    However, the measure’s success will depend on effective implementation and balancing revenue generation with maintaining investment appeal.

    Final Thoughts

    If you have any queries about this article on the global minimum tax, or tax matters in Thailand, then please get in touch.

    Alternatively, if you are a tax adviser in Thailand and would be interested in sharing your knowledge and becoming a tax native, then there is more information on membership here.

    What is Country-by-Country Reporting (CbCR)?

    Introduction: What is Country by Country Reporting (CbCR)?

    Country-by-Country Reporting (CbCR) is a tax transparency measure introduced by the OECD as part of its Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) initiative.

    CbCR requires large multinational companies to report detailed information about their operations, profits, and taxes paid in each country where they do business.

    This information is then shared with tax authorities to help them detect tax avoidance practices, such as profit shifting to low-tax jurisdictions.

    How Does CbCR Work?

    CbCR applies to multinational companies with global revenues of more than €750 million.

    These companies must file an annual CbCR report that provides a breakdown of their income, profits, taxes paid, and other economic activities in each country where they operate.

    For example, if a company has subsidiaries in 10 different countries, it must provide information on how much revenue each subsidiary earns, how much profit it makes, and how much tax it pays in each country.

    This level of detail helps tax authorities identify where a company might be shifting profits to avoid taxes.

    Why Was CbCR Introduced?

    as introduced as part of the OECD’s effort to tackle tax avoidance by multinational companies.

    Before CbCR, it was difficult for tax authorities to see the full picture of a company’s global operations.

    By requiring companies to disclose their activities on a country-by-country basis, CbCR gives tax authorities the information they need to detect tax avoidance schemes.

    This reporting helps ensure that multinational companies are paying their fair share of taxes in the countries where they actually do business, rather than shifting profits to tax havens.

    Conclusion: Country by Country Reporting

    Country-by-Country Reporting is a critical tool for improving tax transparency and combating tax avoidance.

    By requiring large multinational companies to report detailed information about their global operations,

    CbCR helps tax authorities ensure that companies are paying their fair share of taxes and operating in a fair and transparent manner.

    Final thoughts

    If you have any queries about this article – What is country by country reporting? – then please do get in touch.